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1.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 57(3): e3093, jul.-set. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126527

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The occurrence of a vestibular bone lamina dehiscence of a fresh alveolus becomes a challenge for rehabilitation treatment of dental implants. Objective: To evaluate prosthetic treatment and stability of periimplant soft tissues in an alveolus with advanced oral bone resorption immediately after extraction, by using single fixed prostheses on a dental implant. Case presentation: A 29-year-old female patient, without systemic disease, completely toothed, with a thick-scalloped gingival biotype, attended the clinic and her main reason for consultation was not being aesthetically satisfied with her right upper central incisor. Radiographic examination showed advanced oral bone loss, secondary to an infection of the root of the right upper central incisor. In a first surgical phase, the right central incisor was extracted using a traumatic technique with periotomes, and a dental implant was placed. A resorbable membrane was adapted to the vestibular defect and the particulate cortical bone allograft was then compacted into the site in order to fill the space between the collagen membrane and the dental implant. A screw-retained provisional restoration was performed using the extracted natural tooth. The emergence profile was established simply by adding fluid composite resin, until the desired contours were achieved. Radiological and clinical follow-up at six months showed favorable implant evolution. No mechanical or biological complications were observed during this observation period. The oral gingival margin was in a correct position. Conclusion: This technique allowed predictable aesthetic-functional outcomes and soft tissue stability in a thick-scalloped gingival biotype with a single fixed prosthesis.


RESUMEN Antecedentes: La presencia de una dehiscencia de la lámina ósea vestibular de un alveolo fresco se convierte en un desafío en el tratamiento de la rehabilitación con implantes dentales. Objetivo: Evaluar el tratamiento protésico y la estabilidad de los tejidos blandos periimplantarios en un alveolo con reabsorción ósea bucal avanzada inmediatamente posterior a una extracción, mediante el uso de prótesis fijas unitaria sobre implante dental. Presentación del caso: Una paciente de 29 años de edad, sin enfermedad sistémica, completamente dentada, con un biotipo gingival festoneado grueso, asiste a la clínica y su principal motivo de consulta fue no estar conforme estéticamente en su incisivo central superior derecho. El examen radiográfico mostró la presencia de una pérdida ósea bucal avanzada, secundaria a una infección de la raíz del incisivo central superior derecho. En una primera fase quirúrgica, se extrajo el incisivo central derecho utilizando una técnica atraumática usando periótomos y se colocó un implante dental. Se adaptó una membrana reabsorbible al defecto vestibular y después se compactó el aloinjerto de hueso cortical particulado en el sitio para llenar el espacio entre la membrana de colágeno y el implante dental. Se realizó una restauración provisional atornillada utilizando el diente natural extraído. El perfil de emergencia se estableció simplemente agregando resina compuesta fluida, hasta que se lograron los contornos deseados. El seguimiento radiológico y clínico a los 6 meses mostró una evolución favorable del implante. No se observaron complicaciones mecánicas ni biológicas durante este periodo de observación. El margen gingival bucal estaba en una posición correcta. Conclusión: Esta técnica permitió resultados estéticos-funcionales predecibles y estabilidad de los tejidos blandos en un biotipo gingival festoneado grueso con una única prótesis fija.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Dental Implants/adverse effects , Allografts , Bone-Anchored Prosthesis/adverse effects , Esthetics, Dental
2.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2020. 62 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1434529

ABSTRACT

O processo de senescência acarreta uma série de modificações fisiológicas com declínio das funções das atividades celulares e sistêmicas que se manifestam de maneira mais importante na população feminina pelo evento da menopausa, como a osteoporose. A fim de se minimizar tais efeitos, há a possibilidade de se utilizar medicamentos que diminuem o processo de remodelação óssea como os bifosfonatos nitrogenados (BF). Entretanto, o uso dessas drogas está intimamente relacionado ao desenvolvimento de osteonecrose dos maxilares (OM), principalmente quando associado a outros fatores de risco como as cirurgias bucais. Sabe-se que fisiologicamente a dinâmica do tecido ósseo depende também de eicosanóides derivados do metabolismo do ácido araquidônico (AA), como as enzimas cicloxigenase (COX) e 5 lipoxigenase (5LO). Deste modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar o efeito BF ácido zoledrônico (ZL) e sua relação com o desenvolvimento da OM em camundongos fêmeas senescentes 129/Sv com e sem modificação genética para a enzima 5LO. Para tanto, foram utilizados 40 camundongos fêmeas senescentes 129/Sv, sendo 20 WT e 20 com alteração no gene 5LO (129 Alox5tm1Fun/J) (5LOKO), divididas em grupos: WT, tratadas com 0,01 ml de solução salina 0,9% estéril (SS) via intraperitoneal (IP) e ZL, tratadas com 250µg/Kg de ácido zoledrônico (ZL) IP diluído em solução salina estéril, ambas administradas 1 vez/semana por 7 semanas. Os grupos foram compostos por 5 animais cada (WT Controle ­ 7 e 21dias, WT ZL ­ 7 e 21 dias, 5LOKO Controle ­ 7 e 21 dias, 5LOKO ZL ­ 7 e 21dias), sendo as maxilas coletadas para análises em microCT, histopatológica, birrefringência, técnica imunohistoquímica e histomorfométricas. De modo geral, a microCT revelou deficiência significativa na microarquitetura óssea nos animais WT ZL em comparação com os demais. Do mesmo modo, a partir da análise histopatológica e de birrefringência da matriz colagenosa, observou-se padrão compatível com o desenvolvimento de OM no grupo WT ZL, com presença de infiltrado inflamatório intenso, atraso na neoformação óssea, presença de fraturas patológicas, e deficiência da matriz colagenosa e de células Runx-2+, TRAP+ e F4/80+. Os animais 5LOKO ZL apresentaram alterações compatíveis com atraso no processo de reparo especialmente no período de 7 dias, com menor quantidade de células Runx-2+ em comparação com o grupo 5LOKO Controle e pela qualidade da matriz óssea colagenosa com menor quantidade de fibras do espectro vermelho neste período, se igualando, porém, aos 21 dias. Deste modo, concluiu-se que o processo de reparo em camundongos fêmeas senescentes da linhagem 129/Sv WT e 5LOKO associados ao uso do BF ZL ocorreu de modo distinto, levando a quadro de OM nos animais WT e atraso nos animais 5LOKO, sem sinais histopatológicos que caracterizassem a doença. Deste modo, a inibição da enzima 5LO parece influenciar de maneira positiva o processo de reparo ósseo intramembranoso alveolar, mesmo na presença de fenótipo esqueletal osteopetrótico, sugerindo outros fatores relacionados à droga que favoreçam o desenvolvimento da OM no presente modelo animal(AU)


Senescence brings a number of physiological modifications with the decrease of cell and systemic activities and function that manifest in an important way in female population due to the event of menopause, as osteoporosis. In order to diminish these effects, there is the possibility of taking medication that decrease bone remodeling process, as the bisphosphonates containing nitrogen (BF). However, the use of these drugs is intimate related with the development of the osteonecrosis of the jaws (ON), especially when associated to other risk factors as oral surgery. It is known that physiologically, the dynamics of bone tissue also depends on the eicosanoids derivate from the arachidonic acid metabolism (AA), such as cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5 lipoxygenase (5LO) enzymes. In this way, the aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of the BF zoledrônico acid (ZL) and its relation with de development of ON in 129/SV old female mice with or without genetic modification for 5LO. Forty animals, 20 WT and 20 with 5LO gene alteration (129 Alox5tm1Fun/J) (5LOKO) were divided in groups: WT, treated with 0.01 ml of sterile 0.9% saline solution (SS) intraperitoneal (IP), and ZL, treated with 250µg/Kg of ZL IP diluted in SS, both administered once a week for 7 weeks. Groups contained 5 animals each (WT Control ­ 7 and 21 days, WT ZL ,7 and 21 days, 5LOKO Control, 7 and 21 days, and 5LOKO ZL, 7 and 21 days), and the maxillae removed for microCT, histopathology, birefringence, immunohistochemistry, and histomorphometric analysis. In general, microCT revealed significant deficiency in bone microarchitecture in WT ZL group in comparison to the other groups. In the same way, histopathological and birefringence analysis revealed histological pattern compatible with ON development in WT ZL group, presenting intense inflammatory infiltrate, late new bone formation, presence of pathological fractures, and deficiency in collagenous matrix, and also in Runx-2+, TRAP+, and F4/80. 5LOKO ZL animals presented alterations compatible with a late bone repair, especially at day 7, with decreased number of Runx-2+ cells in comparison to 5LOKO Control, and by the quality of collagenous bone matrix with decreased number of red spectra fibers in this period, however, being similar at day 21. From this, it could be concluded that alveolar bone repair of 129/SV WT and 5LOKO old female mice associated with the administration of ZL occurred in different ways, leading to a picture of ON in the WT animals, and late bone repair in the 5LOKO animals, without histopathological signs that could characterize the disease. In this way, inhibition of 5LO seems to influence intramembranous alveolar bone repair in a positive way, even in the presence of osteopetrotic skeletal phenotype, suggesting other factors related to the drug that favors the development of the ON in the present animal model(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Osteoporosis , Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase , Aging , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw , Zoledronic Acid , Osteonecrosis , Surgery, Oral , Birefringence , Menopause , Bone Remodeling , Diphosphonates , X-Ray Microtomography
3.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2017. 42 p. graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-880311

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A hipertensão arterial tem sido um dos maiores problemas de saúde no mundo, com grandes alterações para as doenças cardiovasculares e renais. O tecido ósseo tem função importante no suporte, proteção e locomoção e está sob o controle de fatores sistêmicos como hormônios e fatores locais, entre eles os fatores de crescimento e citocinas. A Fosfatase Ácida Tartarato Resistente (TRAP) é uma enzima que faz parte da família das fosfatases ácidas e apresenta localização intracelular; mais especificamente dentro do compartimento lisossomal de osteoclasto, macrófagos e células dendríticas, tem sido utilizada como um marcador histoquímico da atividade osteoclástica. Objetivos: Avaliar a expressão da proteína TRAP em alvéolos dentários de ratos hipertensos (SHR) e normotensos tratados ou não com atenolol. Métodos: Neste estudo foram utilizados 4 grupos de ratos sendo: 1) W (wistar sem tratamento), 2) WT (wistar tratado com atenolol), 3) S (SHR sem tratamento) e 4) ST (SHR tratado com atenolol), submetidos a exodontia do incisivo superior direito, com eutanásia no 7º, 14º, 21 e 28º dia pós-operatório. A análise dos mecanismos biológicos envolvidos no processo de reparo alveolar foi obtida pela análise da expressão de proteínas TRAP por meio da técnica de imunoistoquímica. Os resultados foram analisados pela média e erro padrão da média e aplicado o teste paramétrico ANOVA, com pos-test de Tukey para avaliar os períodos dentro de cada grupo e entre os grupos, sendo consideradas as diferenças significativas quando p<0,05. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a marcação TRAP aumenta em alvéolo dentais de ratos Wistar durante todos os períodos pós ­ operatórios. A marcação TRAP aumenta apenas ao 14o nos dias de reparação alveolar em alvéolo dental de SHR não tratados. O atenolol não altera o processo de reparo alveolar em ratos Wistar, porém o atenolol promoveu a redução da marcação de TRAP em SHR ao 14º dia. Conclusão: A hipertensão aumenta a expressão da proteína TRAP no 14o dia pós-cirúrgico de reparação alveolar e o atenolol promove redução da marcação aumentada de TRAP ao 14º dia pós-cirúrgico em alvéolos de SHR(AU)


Introduction: Arterial hypertension has been one of the world's biggest health problems, with considerable alterations for cardiovascular and renal diseases. The bone tissue has an important role in support, protection and locomotion and is controlled by systemic factors like hormones and local factors, such as growth factors and cytokines. The Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) is an enzyme that belongs to the Acid Phosphatases family and has an intracellular location, more specifically inside the lysosomal compartment of osteoclasts, macrophages and dendritic cells. It has been used as a histochemical marker of the osteoclast activity. Objectives: Evaluate TRAP protein's expression in the dental alveoli of normotensive and hypertensive rats (SHR) treated or not treated with Atenolol. Methods: In this study, four groups of rats were used: 1) W (with no treatment), 2) WT (wistar treated with Atenolol), 3) S (SHR without treatment) and 4) ST (SHR treated with Atenolol), all of which underwent exodontia of the upper right incisor with euthanasia on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after the operation. The analysis of the biological mechanisms involved in the process of alveolar repair was obtained by the expression of TRAP proteins in the alveolar process through an immunohistochemistry technique. The results were analyzed through the average and its standard error. The parametric test ANOVA was applied with Tukey's posttest were applied to evaluate the periods within each group and between the groups, considering the significant differences when p< 0,05. Results: The results demonstrated that TRAP staining increases in the dental alveoli of Wistar rats during all the post-surgical periods. TRAP staining increases only on the 14th day of alveolar recovery in the dental alveoli of non-treated SHR. Atenolol does not change the process of alveolar repair in Wistar rats, but Atenolol promoted the reduction of TRAP staining among SHR on the 14th day. Conclusion: Hypertension increases the expression of TRAP proteins on the 14th alveolar recovery postsurgical day and Atenolol promotes the reduction of the increased TRAP staining on the 14th postsurgical day in SHR's alveoli(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Atenolol , Hypertension , Surgery, Oral , Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase , Immunohistochemistry , Rats, Inbred SHR , Tooth Socket
4.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2013. 121 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-711306

ABSTRACT

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é uma condição clínica de etiologia multifatorial, com altos índices de complicações, como doenças cardiovasculares e renais, que tornam essa entidade um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública mundial. Sabe-se que esta patologia altera o padrão de regulação de cálcio induzindo a perda óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar comparativamente o processo de reparo alveolar em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR) e Wistar e o efeito do losartan, droga inibidora dos receptores AT1 da angiotensina II na dinâmica óssea. Um total de 60 ratos foram divididos em 4 grupos com 3 períodos de avaliação: A. Wistar; B. SHR; C. Wistar tratado com losartan (30 mg/kg/dia); D:SHR tratado. Submetidos a exodontia do incisivo superior direito com eutanásia no 7º, 14º e 28º dia de pós-operatório. A análise dos mecanismos biológicos envolvidos no processo de reparo alveolar foi obtida pela histomorfometria e imunoistoquímica por meio da expressão das proteínas OPG, RANKL, TRAP e PECAM envolvidos na dinâmica do metabolismo ósseo. Os resultados foram submetidos a teste não paramétricos de Kruskal Wallis, seguido de Mann Whitney para comparação das amostras nos diferentes períodos. O grupo SHR apresentou atraso na cronologia do reparo alveolar. O losartan influenciou processo de reparo em Wistar e SHR, acarretando maior formação óssea, assim como maior espessura do trabeculado. Além disso, pode-se constatar que as referidas proteínas marcadas participam ativamente da dinâmica óssea, sofrendo ação do medicamento anti-hipertensivo proposto. Assim, sugere-se que o sistema renina-angiotensina interfere no metabolismo ósseo por meio da ação da angiotensina II


Hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition, with high rates of complications, such as cardiovascular and renal disease, that make this organization one of the greatest public health problems worldwide. It is known that this disease alters the pattern of calcium regulation by inducing bone loss. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the process of alveolar repair in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar and the effect of losartan (30 mg / kg / day), a drug inhibiting the angiotensin II AT1 receptors in bone dynamics. A total of 60 rats were divided into 4 groups with 3 evaluation periods: A. Wistar; B. SHR; C. Wistar treated; D: SHR treated. The rats underwent dental extraction of the upper right incisor, was proceeded euthanasia on the 7th, 14th and 28th day after surgery. The analysis of the biological mechanisms involved in alveolar repair was obtained by histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry through the expression of OPG protein, RANKL, TRAP and PECAM dynamics involved in bone metabolism. Results were submitted to nonparametric test of Kruskal Wallis followed by Mann Whitney test for comparison of samples in different periods. The SHR was late in the chronology of alveolar repair. Losartan influenced repair process in Wistar and SHR, resulting in increased bone formation, as well as greater trabecular thickness. Moreover, it can be seen that these tagged proteins actively participate in the dynamic bone, suffering the action of the antihypertensive drug proposed. Thus, it is suggested that losartan and the renin-angiotensin interfere with bone metabolism through the action of angiotensin II


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hypertension , Losartan , Surgery, Oral , Immunohistochemistry , Rats, Inbred SHR , Rats, Wistar
5.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2013. 121 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-866778

ABSTRACT

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é uma condição clínica de etiologia multifatorial, com altos índices de complicações, como doenças cardiovasculares e renais, que tornam essa entidade um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública mundial. Sabe-se que esta patologia altera o padrão de regulação de cálcio induzindo a perda óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar comparativamente o processo de reparo alveolar em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR) e Wistar e o efeito do losartan, droga inibidora dos receptores AT1 da angiotensina II na dinâmica óssea. Um total de 60 ratos foram divididos em 4 grupos com 3 períodos de avaliação: A. Wistar; B. SHR; C. Wistar tratado com losartan (30 mg/kg/dia); D:SHR tratado. Submetidos a exodontia do incisivo superior direito com eutanásia no 7º, 14º e 28º dia de pós-operatório. A análise dos mecanismos biológicos envolvidos no processo de reparo alveolar foi obtida pela histomorfometria e imunoistoquímica por meio da expressão das proteínas OPG, RANKL, TRAP e PECAM envolvidos na dinâmica do metabolismo ósseo. Os resultados foram submetidos a teste não paramétricos de Kruskal Wallis, seguido de Mann Whitney para comparação das amostras nos diferentes períodos. O grupo SHR apresentou atraso na cronologia do reparo alveolar. O losartan influenciou processo de reparo em Wistar e SHR, acarretando maior formação óssea, assim como maior espessura do trabeculado. Além disso, pode-se constatar que as referidas proteínas marcadas participam ativamente da dinâmica óssea, sofrendo ação do medicamento anti-hipertensivo proposto. Assim, sugere-se que o sistema renina-angiotensina interfere no metabolismo ósseo por meio da ação da angiotensina II


Hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition, with high rates of complications, such as cardiovascular and renal disease, that make this organization one of the greatest public health problems worldwide. It is known that this disease alters the pattern of calcium regulation by inducing bone loss. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the process of alveolar repair in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar and the effect of losartan (30 mg / kg / day), a drug inhibiting the angiotensin II AT1 receptors in bone dynamics. A total of 60 rats were divided into 4 groups with 3 evaluation periods: A. Wistar; B. SHR; C. Wistar treated; D: SHR treated. The rats underwent dental extraction of the upper right incisor, was proceeded euthanasia on the 7th, 14th and 28th day after surgery. The analysis of the biological mechanisms involved in alveolar repair was obtained by histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry through the expression of OPG protein, RANKL, TRAP and PECAM dynamics involved in bone metabolism. Results were submitted to nonparametric test of Kruskal Wallis followed by Mann Whitney test for comparison of samples in different periods. The SHR was late in the chronology of alveolar repair. Losartan influenced repair process in Wistar and SHR, resulting in increased bone formation, as well as greater trabecular thickness. Moreover, it can be seen that these tagged proteins actively participate in the dynamic bone, suffering the action of the antihypertensive drug proposed. Thus, it is suggested that losartan and the renin-angiotensin interfere with bone metabolism through the action of angiotensin II


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Hypertension , Losartan , Surgery, Oral , Immunohistochemistry , Rats, Inbred SHR , Rats, Wistar
6.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-139771

ABSTRACT

Context: The prediction of implant treatment is directly influenced by the quality of the remaining bone after tooth extraction. Aims : The purpose of this experimental study was to, histologically and histometrically, evaluate the bone repair process in the central areas of extraction sockets filled with platelet-rich plasma. Materials and Methods: Four young adult male Cebus apella monkeys were used. The extraction of both right and left inferior second premolars was accomplished. After extraction, in one of the extraction sockets, coagulum was maintained while in the other it was removed; the alveolus was dried with gauze compress and filled up with platelet concentrate. For PRP production, Sonnleitner's protocol was followed. The specimens for histological and histometric assessment were obtained in 30, 90, 120 and 180 days intervals. Results: In 30 days new bone formation was intense in both experimental and control sockets and no significant differences were observed between the two groups. After 90 days of the extraction, while the control group showed signs of decrease in osteogenesis, in the experimental unit, the process of bone formation and fibroblast-like cell proliferation remained intense. After 120 days, the PRP treated socket was occupied by large trabeculae of bone. After 180 days, the control unit was occupied mostly with bone marrow. The experimental unit remained occupied with large amounts of bone tissue. Conclusions: It was possible to conclude that bone repair was enhanced by the use of platelet- rich plasma in alveolar sockets.


Subject(s)
Adipocytes/pathology , Alveolar Process/pathology , Alveolar Process/physiopathology , Animals , Bicuspid/surgery , Biopsy , Bone Density/physiology , Bone Marrow/pathology , Cebus , Cell Proliferation , Collagen , Fibroblasts/pathology , Fibroblasts/physiology , Male , Osteoblasts/pathology , Osteoblasts/physiology , Osteogenesis/physiology , Platelet-Rich Plasma/physiology , Random Allocation , Time Factors , Tooth Extraction , Tooth Socket/pathology , Tooth Socket/physiopathology , Wound Healing/physiology
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